They were made to cross the trenches and quickly break into the enemy rear, while other tanks supported the main attack.
The British Army designs were forced by the trench warfare in which neither side could achieve more than small incremental gains without heavy loss of soldiers lives, but tanks changed that. Rather, a number of gradual technological developments brought the development of the tank as we know it closer until its eventual form was unveiled out of necessity by the British Army. No one individual was responsible for the development of the tank. Once the infantry tank-supported attack had broken through heavily defended areas in the enemy lines, other tanks such as cruisers, or light tanks, were expected to exploit their higher speed and longer range to operate far behind the front in order to cut lines of supply and communications. The extra armouring came at the expense of speed, which was not an issue when supporting relatively slow moving infantry. To achieve this they were generally heavily armoured compared to the cruiser tanks, to allow them to operate in close concert with infantry even under heavy gun fire. Infantry tanks were tanks designed to support the infantry in the attack.
The infantry tank was a concept developed by the British and French in the years leading up to the Second World War.
The British, American, German and Soviet armies all had different approaches to tanks and tank warfare, each with their fair share of successes and failures. While the First World War saw the first use of the tank as a weapon of war, it was during the Second World War that the tank soon became a dominant force on the battlefield. This early lead would be gradually lost during the course of the 1930s to the Soviet Union who with Germany began to design and build their own tanks. During and after the war, Britain and France were the intellectual leaders in tank design, with other countries generally following and adopting their designs. After the war, many nations needed to have tanks, but only a few had the industrial resources to design and build them. The First World War established the validity of the tank concept. To keep the enemy from finding out about this new solution, the public were informed that the vehicles were large water carriers, or tanks, and the name stuck. The British Army was the first to use them, who built them in secret to begin with. They were large, heavy, slow moving vehicles capable of driving right over the top of enemy trenches thereby eliminating the need to send soldiers "over the top" only to be blasted to pieces by enemies. Tanks first appeared on the battlefield as a solution to trench warfare.
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